2015年10月5日 星期一

【查理分析】2015 DSE ECON II #1

學生從考評局買回的試卷終於到手。查理細心翻查2015年的試題,尤其是卷二,不難發現考試局在ECON的出題手法漸趨A-Level化。以往CE常見的簡單問法,相信在2016打後的每一屆都會買少見少。取而代之,一些議論題、非畫圖題等等,將會成為新常態。

除此之外,一些本來CE接受的標準答案,在DSE一般而言是可以接受的。但在2014、15年起,考評局提供的Marking Scheme逐漸由A-Level的答法取代。

以下是2015年的典型個案:

More and more famous universities offer "massive open online courses" (MOOC) to students from various backgrounds for systematic learning.
(a) Most of the teaching materials in MOOC can be assessed online by anyone free of charge. Explain whether these materials are 
(i) free goods; (2 marks)
(ii) public goods. (3 marks)
(i)問MOOC是否free goods並試論之;(ii)問MOOC是否public goods並試論之。

(i)問法相當正路,答案當然不是free goods,而是economic goods。標準答法都是先答否,然後解釋。例如:
Teaching materials in MOOC are not free goods
because more of them are preferred.

這題非常沒有懸念,反而(ii)就出奇地給予3分作答。

一件物品是否public goods,在很多教科書、坊間筆記都沿用"rival in consumption" 和"excludable"來分辨private goods和public goods。可惜,ECON在A-Level化的進程中,這些答案難以成立。參考A-Level ECON的Marking Scheme,(ii)的答法應該為:
Teaching materials in MOOC are public goods
because there is no extra cost in serving extra customers./
because the materials can be concurrently used by every student./
because the consumption of one will not reduce the availability to others.

只有這兩套正統答法,才站得住腳,萬無一失。答"non-rival in consumption/non-excludable"者,最多只給1分。(已證實)
如果你們的學校還在「依書直說」,你們真是悲哀 :(

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